学术资讯｜政治哲学工作坊第五十六讲：童年天真与道德权威：青年气候运动中的羞耻辩证法

Jill Locke, 

Professor, Gustavus Adolphus College

Jun-Hyeok KWAK,

 Professor, Department of Philosophy (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University

November 10. 2023 

9:00-11:00

Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg’s iconic statement, “How dare you!”, from the 2019 United Nations Climate Summit, is a classic example of a “shaming interpellation” (Butler 1996, chapter 9) whereby the speaker uses shame to hail a disobedient subject into line. Shaming interpellations are typically associated with police-like authorities shaming a relatively powerless subject, but Thunberg plays on her youthful naivete and non-political status to reverse the interpellation. She claims moral power over and against the morally weak global leaders who refuse to act on the climate science. At the same time, Thunberg has been on the receiving end of shaming interpellations by heads of state (e.g., Donald Trump) and ordinary citizens from all over the world who have attacked her online. She and her parents have also feared for her safety, as the shaming attacks have transformed into physical threats. In this essay, I revisit Butler’s concept of the “shaming interpellation” to explore the dialectic of shame and shaming in Thunberg’s case and in the general shaming strategies of the Youth Climate Movement. Childhood innocence becomes both a site of vulnerability and moral authority as they deploy their own shaming interpellations while receiving shaming attacks against them. 

Jill Locke 

古斯塔夫阿道夫学院 教授

Jun-Hyeok KWAK （郭峻赫）

中山大学哲学系（珠海）教授

2023年11月10日

9:00-11:00

瑞典气候活动家格蕾塔·通贝里 (Greta Thunberg）在2019年联合国气候峰会上的标志性声明“你怎么敢!”是一个典型的“羞耻质询”（巴特勒 1996，第9章），即演讲者利用羞耻召唤不服从的对象就范。 通常来说，羞耻质询与类似警察的权威机构（唤起）一个相对无力的对象的羞耻有关，但通贝里利用她年轻人的天真和非政治的身份逆转了这种质询。 她声称（她的）道德力量胜过那些拒绝在气候科学上采取行动的道德薄弱的全球领导人，并且她反对他们（的不作为）。 与此同时，通贝里一直遭受着来自世界各地的国家元首（如唐纳德·特朗普）和普通公民的网络攻击，成为他们羞耻质询的对象。 她和她的父母都担心她的安全，因为这些羞耻攻击已经转变成了人身威胁。 在这篇文章中，我重新审视了巴特勒的“羞耻质询”概念，以探讨在通贝里的案例中以及在青年气候运动的一般羞耻策略中羞耻（shame）和使人羞辱（shaming）的辩证法。 当他们进行自己（对他人的）的羞耻质询时，他们同时也在接受针对他们的羞耻攻击，童年的天真成为易受损性与道德权威并存之所在。