学术资讯 | 我系毛朝晖副研究员发表《唐文治的经学“大义”及其对汉宋、中西的会通》等文章
一、唐文治的经学“大义”及其对汉宋、中西的会通
摘要
现代经学面临两个突出的挑战：第一个是如何处理经学内部长期存在的汉宋之争；第二个是如何回应西方科学方法的挑战。作为晚清民国之际江南地区著名的教育家和经学家，唐文治对这两个问题提出了创造性的回应。他的治经方法旨在超越汉宋之争而回归孔子，在“孔门家法”的旗帜下，他以孔子及孔门经说“大义”为归，既超越了汉宋，也会通了汉宋。面对西方科学的冲击，唐文治吸收西方科学的研究方法，提出通过经义分类对经书展开专门研究，发掘经书中的专门知识以与西方科学展开对话。唐文治的治经方法不但旨在会通汉宋，而且试图会通中西。在这两个方面，唐文治堪称传统经学自我整合与现代革新的一个典范。
Abstract
There were two major challenges to traditional Confucian classics studies in modern scholarship. The first is to reconcile the long-standing Han-Song controversy; the second is to respond to the impact of the methodology of Western scientific research. As a famous educationist and scholar in Jiangnan area during the late Qing Dynasty, Tang proposed creative responses to these two challenges. His methodology of Confucian classics studies aimed at returning to Confucius, and therefore, reconciling the Han-Song controversy and communicating the Sino-Western learning. In the name of Confucius, Tang reconciled Han-Song controversy by advocating to pursue the "great meaning" of Confucian classics. Moreover, Tang promoted new means of classics studies by introducing the methodology of Western scientific research. Tang's method of governing the Classics not only aimed to communicate with Han and Song dynasties, but also attempted to communicate with China and the West. At these two points, Tang's theory can be regarded as a model of self-integration and modern innovation of traditional Confucian classics.
关键词
唐文治 现代经学 超越汉宋 会通中西
二、进化论与蔡元培之“废经”
摘要
经学从现代教育体制淡出，这不仅是中国传统学术的一场革命，也是中国近现代教育史上一个划时代的变革。事实上，蔡元培正是民国初年“废经”政策的主推者，也是1935年“读经问题”大讨论中的代表人物。蔡氏作为一位典型的晚清儒学士大夫之所以放弃忠君、尊孔，转而接纳西方价值与学术，正是因为接受了由严复改造的进化论，而进化论背后则蕴含 功利主义的伦理学立场。在此立场上，蔡氏否定了传统经学作为常道或“中体”的先验价值预设，主张经学与其它一切中西学术都必须接受“优胜劣败，适者生存”的进化论检验，只有在结果上能够“益己益世”的学术才具有存在的合理性。通过比较，他认为经学无论是在内容的完备性还是在形式的系统性方面都比不上西学，因此，中国在教育上应该实行“废经”，全面接受西学与西方教育体制。
Abstract
The fading out of Confucian classics studies in modern education institutions was not only a revolution of traditional Chinese scholarship, but also a new epoch of modern Chinese education. Indeed, Cai Yuanpei was the major promoter of the policy of abrogating the subject of "Problem of Readinig Confucian Classics" in 1935. This paper indicates that evolutionism played a critical role in this academic and educational revolution. Cai's transformation from a traditional Confucian scholar, who had been deeply immersed in Confucian classics studies, into a modern scholar embracing western scholarship and educational institutions, can be attributed to his acceptance of evolutionism remoulded by Yan Fu. Furthermore, this paper also unveils the utilitarian characteristics of social evolutionism, and this very concept has laid the ethical foundation of Cai's policy of abrogating the subject of Confucian classics studies in modern Chinese education system.
关键词
进化论 蔡元培 经学 读经 “废经”
作者简介
毛朝晖，湖南衡阳人，新加坡籍。早年负笈新加坡，中间曾一度在新加坡致力于推广华文教育与儒家文化，后获新加坡国立大学汉学博士学位，曾任南洋理工大学新加坡华文教研中心副研究员、《华文学刊》编辑，现为中山大学哲学系（珠海）副研究员。至今已在中外专业期刊发表论文20篇，著有《唐文治与学堂经学的改革》一书，即将出版。
